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Gerund-て + も "even if..."
Formation rules:
| V. | 使っても/使わなくても |
| i-Adj. | 高くても/高くなくても |
| na-Adj. | 不便でも/ 不便じゃなくても(or 不便でなくても) |
| N. | 学生でも/ 学生じゃなくても(or 学生でなくても) |
れい
安くても、買いません。
Even if it's cheap, I won't buy it.
そのパズルは、子どもでもできるはずだと聞いたけど、うちのたかし にはむずかしすぎる。
I've heard that even a child can do that puzzle, but it is too difficult for Takashi, my son.
日本語のことを少ししか知らない学生でも行けるツアーがあると聞いた けど、そのツアーのことごぞんじですか。
I heard that there is a tour that even a student who knows little about the Japanese language can go on. Do you know anything about the tour?
Combine the sentences with ても.
〜ても〜ても Pattern "even whether...or... (not)"
れい
友だちが出ても出なくても、私はゼミに出ようと思います。
I think will attend the seminar, whether or not my friend attends it.
高くても安くても買うつもりだったけど、そんなやくにたたないものは じゃまになると母は言っている。
I intended to buy it whether it was expensive or not, but my mother says that such a useless thing will be a nuisance.
そのひこうきの切符は三週間前に買っておいても当日買ってもねだんは かわらないそうだよ。
I heard that the price of the plane ticket is the same whether you buy it three weeks in advance or buy it on that day.
Combine the sentences with ても.
Aff. てもいい "It is all right if...; (you) may..."
れい
A: 入ってもいいですか。
A: May I come in?
B: はい、いいですよ。/ いや、ちょっと.
B: Yes, you may. / No...
むずかしくてもいいですよ。
It's all right to be difficult.
はしでもいいですか。
Would chopsticks be all right?
これを決める前に林部長に少しそうだんしてみてもかまいませんか。
Before we decide this, is it all right for me to try to consult with Division Chief Hayashi?
Note: Instead of いい, expressions such as かまわない, けっこうだ and よろしい are also used in asking for and giving permissions.
Neg. なくてもいい "It is all right if not; (you) do not have to..."
れい
A: しゅくだいは、今日出さなくてもいいですか。
A: Is it all right not to submit the homework today?
B: はい、いいですよ。/ いや、ちょっと.
B: Yes, you may. / No...
からすぎるものは、無理に食べなくてもいいですよ。
As for the food that is too spicy for you, you don't have to force yourself to eat it.
田中さんにあずけてあるにもつはわざわざとりに来なくてもいいって。
I heard that I don't hve to go all the way to get the luggage that was left temporarily with Tanaka.
このまどしかかぎをかけておかなくてもかまわない。
It is all right if you lock only this window.
その民宿はいつもすこぐこんでいるはずだそうだから、予約しなくても とまれるはずはないと思う。
I heard that the minsyuku is always very crowded, so it is not expected that we can stay there without a reservation, I think.
WH-words with Gerund ＋も "no matter wh-..."
れい
だれが来ても、今会いたくないです。
No matter who may come, I don't want to meet him now.
どんなに安くても、買わないつもりです。
However cheap it may be, I'm not planning to buy it.
何度医者がいい薬だと言っても、うちの両親はなるべく薬はのまない 方がいいと言っている。
No matter how many times the doctor told my parents that it is a good medicine, they say they should take it as little as possible.
Note: When an extent (no matter how much) is in question, いくら/どんなに is added to the phrase.
WH-words + (particle) でも "any..."
だれでも (anyone)
何でも (anything)
いつでも (anytime), etc.
れい
何でもいいからはやく飲みものを買って来って。
Go and buy any kind of drink quickly.
その仕事をするのにはだれでもいいと田中さんは言ったけど、やっぱり コンピューターを使ったけいけんのない人は困るねえ。
For that job, Tanaka said anyone would do, but someone who does not have any experience with computer use would not be good.
Answer with Wh-words でも.
[Grammar 21A | Grammar 21B]
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