Eukaryotic Chromosomes

 

Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment

Independent assortment of traits and chromosomes demonstrated by dihybrid crosses with two traits.

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  • Watch video clip from Lecture 7 (6:26 - 10:40)

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Genetic Distance and Recombination

Morgan's experiments with fruit flies showed linkage between two genes/traits. Dihybrid crosses with two traits show genetic recombination and genetic distances.

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  • Watch video clip from Lecture 7 (14:53 - 29:07)

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Genetic Maps

Sturtevant's work with multiple traits mapped out genes on chromosomes based on recombination frequencies. Genetic maps allowed biologists to predict frequency of double recombination.

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  • Watch video clip from Lecture 7 (29:07 - 42:46)

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Sex Linkage

X and Y chromosomes determine gender. In fruit flies, certain physical traits such as eye color lie on the X chromosome and are linked to the sex of the fly.

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  • Watch video clip from Lecture 7 (42:46 - 51:15)

Autosomes versus sex chromosomes. Morgan's experiment which discovered sex-linkage. Carriers and inheritance patterns.

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  • Watch video clip from Lecture 23 (36:48 - 45:20)

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Variation on DNA Replication

Eukaryotes and prokaryotes vary in DNA replication due to differences in chromosome structure and genome sizes.

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  • Watch video clip from Lecture 12 (8:57 - 21:23)

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Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance I and II

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The discovery of chromosomes and brief overview of meiosis in the context of Mendel's work. Chromosome theory of inheritance-traits are carried on chromosomes that segregate when gametes form.

  • Watch video clip from Lecture 6 (41:50 - 49:25)

Brief overview of mitosis and meiosis and the segregation of chromosomes in the context of Mendel's theory.

  • Watch video clip from Lecture 7 (2:05 - 6:26)

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Chromosome and Mitosis

Characteristics of chromosomes. Drawing of mitosis and the changes and segregation of chromosomes. Definition: Mitosis, chromosome, chromatid, and centrosome. Great video of mitosis.

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  • Watch video clip from Lecture 22 (7:43 - 16:48)

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Genes and Chromosomes

Details about genes, chromosomes, and the human genome.

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Genes

Clarification of genes, alleles, traits, genotype, phenotype, and dominance.

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Recombination Frequencies and Genetic Maps

Recombination between two linked genes used to construct genetic maps.

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Mitosis and Meiosis

Comparison between chromosomal segregation during mitosis, meiosis I and meiosis II and DNA recombination.

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Pedigree - Practice I

Use family pedigree to predict the mode of inheritance. Predict gene arrangement on the chromosomes based on linkage.

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Recombination and Linkage II

Characteristics of linked genes and calculation of recombination frequencies.

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Mitosis vs. Meiosis

Table comparing cell division through mitosis and meiosis-process and cellular components involved.

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Recombination - Chromosomes

Conceptual questions on the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance, sexual reproduction, and chromosomal recombination.

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Pedigrees - Review and Examples

Two examples of human pedigrees used to predict the mode of inheritance. Recombination is taken into consideration when calculating probability of inheritance.

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