Derivatives of Basic Functions


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Lecture Notes

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Section 3, Page 3

Derivative formula given for functions of the form f(x) = xn, derived using the binomial theorem.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Concept of derivative (section 2 of lecture 1) and the binomial theorem (section 2 of this lecture)
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Section 6, Page 4

Proof by induction of derivative formula for xn.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Knowledge of mathematical induction, Product Rule (section 4 of this lecture), and concept of derivative (section 2 of lecture 1)
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Section 2, Page 1 to page 2

Derivative formula for un, proven by induction.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Product Rule (section 1 of this lecture) and knowledge of mathematical induction
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Section 3, Page 2 to page 3

Derivative formula found for functions of the form f(x) = xa, where a is a fraction.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Derivative of xn (sections 3 and 6 of lecture 3)
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Section 2, Page 1 to page 2

Algebraic rules for exponentials and logarithms are reviewed.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: None
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Section 3, Page 2 to page 3

Derivation, leading to the definition of e and the natural logarithm.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Rules for Exponentials (section 2 of this lecture)
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Section 4, Page 3 to page 4

Derivation using the chain rule. Derivative of ln(x) also given and used to find the numeric value of e.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Rules for Logarithms (section 2 of this lecture) and definition of derivative (section 2 of lecture 1)
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Section 5, Page 4 to page 5

Finding the derivative of a product of functions using logarithms to convert into a sum of functions. Includes worked example.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Rules for Logarithms (section 2 of this lecture) and Product Rule (section 4 of lecture 3)
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Section 1, Page 1 to page 2

Angles and continuous functions of them are described abstractly, with mention of the specific functions sin, cos, tan, sec, csc, and cot.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: None
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Section 2, Page 2

Angle addition formulas and other trigonometric identities involving sin and cos.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: None
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Section 4, Page 3

Derivation using trig identities and difference quotients.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Trigonometric Identities (section 2 of this lecture) and difference quotients (section 2 of lecture 1)
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Section 5, Page 4

Derivative of tan(x) is derived from the quotient rule and the derivatives of sin(x) and cos(x). Derivatives for sec(x), csc(x), and cot(x) are also stated.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Derivatives of sin(x) and cos(x)
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Section 3, Page 2

Brief definitions of the inverse trigonometric functions sin-1(x), cos-1(x), and tan-1(x)

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Inverse Functions (section 1 of this lecture)
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Section 5, Page 3 to page 4

Formulas for the derivatives of the inverse trigonometric functions, as well as the equation sin-1(x) + cos-1(x) = pi/2.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: Inverse Trigonometric Functions and Derivatives of Inverse Functions (sections 3 and 4 of this lecture)
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Online Textbook Chapters

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Definition, including the properties of the function and its derivatives, as well as a graph of the function.

Prior Knowledge: Functions (OT1.3)
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List of important properties, as well as the derivatives of sine and cosine and a power series representation of sine and cosine.

Instructor: Prof. Daniel J. Kleitman
Prior Knowledge: Trigonometric Functions (OT2.2)
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Deriving further rules for derivatives, including the product rule and the rule for functions of the form xn.

Instructor: Prof. Daniel J. Kleitman
Prior Knowledge: Differentiability (OT6.1)
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Derivatives for the identity, exponential, and sine functions.

Instructor: Prof. Daniel J. Kleitman
Prior Knowledge: Differentiability (OT6.1)
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Practice Problems

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Problem 1 (page 1)

Finding the equation for the tangent line to an exponential function through a point not on the graph of the function.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 4 (page 2 to page 3)

Taking the first and second derivatives of a function involving an exponential and a cosine.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: None
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Exam Questions

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Problem 2 (page 3)

Finding the derivatives of an exponential function.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 6 (page 7)

Finding the derivatives of exponential and logarithmic functions.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 1 (page 2)

Finding the derivatives of two trigonometric functions.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 1.5 (page 1) to problem (page 2)

Evaluating the derivative of the inverse of an exponential function.

Instructor: Prof. Jason Starr
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 1 (page 1)

Four-part question involving the evaluation of three derivatives and a limit.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 4 (page 1)

Sketching the graph of the inverse sine function and finding its derivative.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 1 (page 1) to problem 2 (page 1)

Two questions finding the derivatives of functions.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 2 (page 1)

Finding the derivatives of four functions.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem (page 1)

A list of trigonometric and inverse trigonometric identities and formulas involving integrals and derivatives.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 1 (page 1)

Three derivatives to be evaluated using a variety of techniques.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 1E-1 (page 4) to problem 1E-5 (page 5)

Five questions which involve taking derivatives and antiderivatives of polynomials, finding the points on a graph which have horizontal tangent lines, and finding derivatives of rational functions.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 1G-1 (page 5) to problem 1G-5 (page 6)

Five questions which involve finding second, third, or nth derivatives of functions.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Problem 1I-1 (page 8) to problem 1I-5 (page 8)

Five questions which involve evaluating derivatives and limits of functions which contain logarithms or exponentials, graphing an exponential function, and calculating interest compounded with different frequencies.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Document PDF - 2.2 MB
Problem 1J-1 (page 9) to problem 1J-4 (page 9)

Four questions which involve calculating derivatives of trigonometric functions.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Document PDF - 2.2 MB
Problem 3A-1 (page 21) to problem 3A-3 (page 21)

Three questions which involve evaluating five differentials and twenty indefinite integrals using a range of techniques.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Document PDF - 2.2 MB
Problem 5A-1 (page 35) to problem 5A-6 (page 35)

Six questions which involve evaluating integrals and derivatives of these functions, as well as graphing them and finding tangent lines or average values.

Instructor: Prof. David Jerison
Prior Knowledge: None
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Analysis of Graphs Limits of Functions Asymptotic & Unbounded Behavior Continuity: Property of Functions Parametric, Polar & Vector Function Concept of the Derivative Derivative at a Point Derivative as a Function Second Derivatives Applications of Derivatives Computation of Derivatives Interpretations & Properties of Definite Integrals Applications of Integrals Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Applications of Antidifferentiation Numerical Approximations to Definite Integ Concept of Series Series of Constants Taylor Series Graphs of Functions Intuitive Understanding: Limiting Process Calculating Limits Using Algebra Asymptotic Behavior: Infinity Continuity Continuity in Terms of Limits Analysis of Planar Curves Derivative Presented Graphically, Numerically & Analytically Derivative Interpreted as Instantaneous Rate of Change Derivative: Limit of the Difference Quotient Differentiability & Continuity Tangent Line - Curve at a Point & Local Linear Approximation Instantaneous Rate of Change Approximate Rate of Change Characteristics of f & f Relationship Between Behavior of f & Sign of f Mean Value Theorem & Geometric Consequences Characteristics: Graphs of f, f & f Relationship Between Concavity of f & Sign of f'' Points of Inflection - Concavity Changes Analysis of Curves Applications of Derivatives Optimization: Absolute & Relative Extrema Modeling Rates of Change Implicit Differentiation & Derivatives of Inverse Functions Derivative as a Rate of Change l'Hôpital's Rule Geometric Interpretation of Differential Equations Derivatives of Basic Functions Rules: Derivative of Sums, Products & Quotients of Functions Chain Rule & Implicit Differentiation Derivatives: Parametric, Polar & Vector Functions Definite Integral - Limit of Riemann Sums Rate of Change of a Quantity/Change of Quantity over Interval Properties of Definite Integrals Appropriate Integrals Evaluate Definite Integrals Representation of Specific Antiderivatives Antiderivatives From Derivatives of Basic Functions Integration by Substitution, Parts & Partial Fractions Improper Integrals Separable Equations & Modeling Riemann & Trapezoidal Sums Series, Convergence, Divergence Motivating Examples Geometric Series with Applications The Harmonic Series Alternating Series - Error Bound Series as Riemann Sums & the Integral Test Ratio Test - Convergence/Divergence Comparison Test Taylor Polynomial Approximation Maclaurin & Taylor Series Maclaurin Series for Basic Functions Manipulating Taylor Series Power Series Defining Functions Radius/Interval of Convergence Lagrange Error Bound